Chemical Profile of White Wines Produced from ‘Greco bianco’ Grape Variety in Different Italian Areas by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Conventional Physicochemical Analyses

In this study the characterization of white wines produced from the monovarietal ‘Greco bianco’ grape variety ispresented for the first time. A total of 40 commercial wines, from two different southern Italian regions, Calabria and Campania,from the same grape variety and two different vintages, were investigated. The analyses were performed by means ofchromatographic methods, conventional analyses, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. No differentiation wasobserved according to the year of production but a significant discrimination was achieved using principal component analysis(PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). In particular, PLS-DA allowed the selection of compounds(total acidity; citric, malic, succinic, and lactic acids; total polyphenol index; glucose and proline/arginine ratio) useful fordifferentiating the studied wines on the basis of geographical origin.