Introduction Previous studies evaluated the effects of aerobic and resistance training on glucose control in type 2 diabetes (DM2), but there are few data comparing the effects of these different types of exercise on insulin sensitivity and abdominal fat. The aim of this study was to assess which are the main determinants of the exercise-induced improvement of HbA1c and insulin sensitivity in DM2. Methods 40 DM2, 11 females and 27 males , were randomized to aerobic (AER, n=20) or resistance (RES, n=20) training. In both groups exercise was performed 3 times weekly, for 4 months. The AER group exercised for 60 minutes at 60-65% HRR. The RES group performed 3 series of 8-10 repetitions of 9 different exercises on weight machines, at 70-80% 1RM. Before and after the intervention the following were assessed: HbA1c, peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak), leg extension 1RM test, body composition (by DEXA Total Body), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT, by RMI), insulin sensitivity (by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp). Results After intervention HbA1c, fat mass, SAT and VAT was reduced to a similar extent in the two groups. Changes in VO2peak, as well as in leg extension performance showed significant differences between AER and RES groups. Insulin sensitivity was significantly increased, by 30% in AER and 15% in RES group. In multiple regression analyses, change after intervention in HbA1c was independently predicted by HbA1c at baseline, and by changes in VO2peak and truncal fat (p<0.001), while change in insulin sensitivity was predicted by changes in VAT and in VO2peak (p=0.040). Discussion Changes after training in VO2peak and abdominal fat are the main predictors of exercise-induced metabolic improvement in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Exercise-induced metabolic improvement in subjects with type 2 diabetes is predicted by changes of cardiorespiratory fitness and abdominal adipose tissue
BACCHI, Elisabetta;DI SARRA, Daniela;TARPERI, Cantor;MILANESE, Chiara;BARALDO, Anna;SCHENA, Federico;CEVESE, Antonio;LANZA, Massimo;MOGHETTI, Paolo
2011-01-01
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies evaluated the effects of aerobic and resistance training on glucose control in type 2 diabetes (DM2), but there are few data comparing the effects of these different types of exercise on insulin sensitivity and abdominal fat. The aim of this study was to assess which are the main determinants of the exercise-induced improvement of HbA1c and insulin sensitivity in DM2. Methods 40 DM2, 11 females and 27 males , were randomized to aerobic (AER, n=20) or resistance (RES, n=20) training. In both groups exercise was performed 3 times weekly, for 4 months. The AER group exercised for 60 minutes at 60-65% HRR. The RES group performed 3 series of 8-10 repetitions of 9 different exercises on weight machines, at 70-80% 1RM. Before and after the intervention the following were assessed: HbA1c, peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak), leg extension 1RM test, body composition (by DEXA Total Body), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT, by RMI), insulin sensitivity (by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp). Results After intervention HbA1c, fat mass, SAT and VAT was reduced to a similar extent in the two groups. Changes in VO2peak, as well as in leg extension performance showed significant differences between AER and RES groups. Insulin sensitivity was significantly increased, by 30% in AER and 15% in RES group. In multiple regression analyses, change after intervention in HbA1c was independently predicted by HbA1c at baseline, and by changes in VO2peak and truncal fat (p<0.001), while change in insulin sensitivity was predicted by changes in VAT and in VO2peak (p=0.040). Discussion Changes after training in VO2peak and abdominal fat are the main predictors of exercise-induced metabolic improvement in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
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