Enhancing Energy Efficiency of Underwater Sensor Network Routing Aiming to Achieve Reliability

In response to the demands and harsh conditions of underwater environments, developing sensor networks and underwater Internet of Things (IoT) has paved the way for wireless communication, ocean exploration, and various research applications. However, challenges such as increasing failure rates and decreasing network efficiency remain open issues, hindering the achievement of quality of service (QoS) in underwater sensor networks. Addressing resource constraints, including processing power, memory, bandwidth, and energy resources, adds to the complexity of supporting network service quality. This study aims to investigate the service quality requirements in protocols and highlight the weaknesses of ongoing research in this field. Finally, a routing solution based on fuzzy logic is proposed, which provides better results than recent methods in tests of energy consumption rate, Jain’s fairness index, efficiency, and reliability.