The main pests for the olive groves are the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae; the larvae feed on the olive fruit and cause important economic losses. The control of this pest relies on broad spectrum insecticides applications, such as dimethoate, which are recently (EU Reg. 2021/155 of 9 February 2021) revoked. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of eco-friendly control techniques in different condition of olives production. The survey was carried out in the olive season 2020 and 2021 in the Lake Garda area on two experimental olive groves. Two “Attract and Kill” techniques were evaluated: “bait spray”, a mixture of hydrolysed protein as lure and spinosad as insecticide (Spintor™Fly), “mass trapping” with plastic cone trap lured with sexual pheromones and ammoniacal as attractive, and deltamethrin as insecticide inside (Flypack®). The plots (3-4 ha) were set-up following EPPO standards (PP 1/280(1)). The adult flies were sampled through crossbar traps (ISAGRO®), while the infestation level was evaluated twice a week from August to harvest date observing the presence of sterile stings, larvae, pupae and holes exit. The two investigated years were characterized by very different yields: 14,0 and 0,1 Tons olives/ha produced respectively in 2020 and 2021. Spray bait had significant reduction of the olive fruit fly population in the autumn in 2021 compared to the untreated control but not in 2020. Although the number of catches was different over the two years, the infestation rate was significantly lower compared to the control. Mass trapping showed a similar population reduction in both years, but the technique was efficacy only in 2020 where higher olive production was observed. The use of “Attract and kill” techniques in integrated olive fly management with high and low olive production were discussed.
Evaluation of different control techniques against olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) [Diptera: Tephritidae]
Marangoni F.
;Checchia I.;Mori N.
2022-01-01
Abstract
The main pests for the olive groves are the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae; the larvae feed on the olive fruit and cause important economic losses. The control of this pest relies on broad spectrum insecticides applications, such as dimethoate, which are recently (EU Reg. 2021/155 of 9 February 2021) revoked. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of eco-friendly control techniques in different condition of olives production. The survey was carried out in the olive season 2020 and 2021 in the Lake Garda area on two experimental olive groves. Two “Attract and Kill” techniques were evaluated: “bait spray”, a mixture of hydrolysed protein as lure and spinosad as insecticide (Spintor™Fly), “mass trapping” with plastic cone trap lured with sexual pheromones and ammoniacal as attractive, and deltamethrin as insecticide inside (Flypack®). The plots (3-4 ha) were set-up following EPPO standards (PP 1/280(1)). The adult flies were sampled through crossbar traps (ISAGRO®), while the infestation level was evaluated twice a week from August to harvest date observing the presence of sterile stings, larvae, pupae and holes exit. The two investigated years were characterized by very different yields: 14,0 and 0,1 Tons olives/ha produced respectively in 2020 and 2021. Spray bait had significant reduction of the olive fruit fly population in the autumn in 2021 compared to the untreated control but not in 2020. Although the number of catches was different over the two years, the infestation rate was significantly lower compared to the control. Mass trapping showed a similar population reduction in both years, but the technique was efficacy only in 2020 where higher olive production was observed. The use of “Attract and kill” techniques in integrated olive fly management with high and low olive production were discussed.
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