Human peroxiredoxins 1 and 2 and their interacting protein partners; through structure toward functions of biological complexes

Since their discovery in the mid-nineties, peroxiredoxins have drawn much attention and the number of papers publications on different Prxs has been multiplied. The rise in interest in this topic is probably due, at least in part, to the large and further increasing functions attributed to the members of this family of ubiquitous proteins, including many redox and non-redox physiological functions. This review presents a literature survey of the protein partners of the human Peroxiredoxin-1 and Peroxiredoxin-2 of the Peroxiredoxin 1 subfamily, the most abundant class. Three sequence motifs, or combinations thereof, were found in the protein partners, namely, CXXC, and/or PXXP, and/or LXXLL. These findings are discussed in light of i) protein partner localization, function and biological pathways and ii) the peroxiredoxins regions important for partner interaction, as revealed by the Peroxiredoxin-1-Sulfiredoxin-1 complex structure. The outcome of these analyses is expected to unravel some common molecular bases underlying peroxiredoxins propensity to bind a partner, as well as to propose a functional role for this interaction that could help to widen the biological role of this important class of enzymes.