Background. A higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-3 has been associated with lower blood pressure (BP). Their antihypertensive properties could be due to the reduction of the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and consequent competitive effect of omega-3 compared to arachidonic acid (the main omega-6 PUFA). In fact both act as substrate of cytochrome P450 (CYP450), enzymes involved in the production of vasoactive mediators such as 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Some polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that encode for these CYPs were associated with the development of hypertension and ischemic stroke in a Swedish population. The aim of this study was to evaluate if food intake of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA has a favorable effect on blood pressure, also considering the interaction with different SNPs in genes involved in their metabolism.Methods. We analyzed the change in BP over time (mean follow-up 16.7 ± 1.5 years) in a subset of subjects enrolled in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (n = 3632) in relation to PUFA intake, detected by a validated questionnaire, and the their possible interaction with some functional polymorphisms in the CYP4F2, CYP4A11, CYP2J2, CYP2C8 and EPHX2 genes. We repeated the analysis after excluding subjects under antihypertensive therapy (leaving n = 2272 available for the analysis) and in different genders.Results. We did not find any association between the intake of omega-3, omega-6 or their ratio and longitudinal change of BP. After adjustment for the number of statistical tests, we did not observe any effect on blood pressure by the interaction of different assumption of PUFAs and and different genotypes. Neither the exclusion of subjects under chronic antihypertensive therapy or the analysis of males and females separately changed the results.Conclusion. In a Swedish population followed longitudinally, intake of PUFA showed no detectable effect on BP, also after considering a possible interaction with functional SNPs in genes involved in their metabolism. Further studies will be needed to clarify whether and in which individuals PUFA have a beneficial effect on BP.
THE INTAKE OF OMEGA-3 PUFA IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH SUBSTANTIAL CHANGES OF BLOOD PRESSURE EVEN CONSIDERING THE INTERACTION WITH SOME GENE POLYMORPHISMS.
TAGETTI, ANGELA;MINUZ, Pietro;FAVA, Cristiano
2013-01-01
Abstract
Background. A higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-3 has been associated with lower blood pressure (BP). Their antihypertensive properties could be due to the reduction of the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and consequent competitive effect of omega-3 compared to arachidonic acid (the main omega-6 PUFA). In fact both act as substrate of cytochrome P450 (CYP450), enzymes involved in the production of vasoactive mediators such as 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Some polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that encode for these CYPs were associated with the development of hypertension and ischemic stroke in a Swedish population. The aim of this study was to evaluate if food intake of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA has a favorable effect on blood pressure, also considering the interaction with different SNPs in genes involved in their metabolism.Methods. We analyzed the change in BP over time (mean follow-up 16.7 ± 1.5 years) in a subset of subjects enrolled in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (n = 3632) in relation to PUFA intake, detected by a validated questionnaire, and the their possible interaction with some functional polymorphisms in the CYP4F2, CYP4A11, CYP2J2, CYP2C8 and EPHX2 genes. We repeated the analysis after excluding subjects under antihypertensive therapy (leaving n = 2272 available for the analysis) and in different genders.Results. We did not find any association between the intake of omega-3, omega-6 or their ratio and longitudinal change of BP. After adjustment for the number of statistical tests, we did not observe any effect on blood pressure by the interaction of different assumption of PUFAs and and different genotypes. Neither the exclusion of subjects under chronic antihypertensive therapy or the analysis of males and females separately changed the results.Conclusion. In a Swedish population followed longitudinally, intake of PUFA showed no detectable effect on BP, also after considering a possible interaction with functional SNPs in genes involved in their metabolism. Further studies will be needed to clarify whether and in which individuals PUFA have a beneficial effect on BP.
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