Energy transfer pathway in europium doped porous silicon

This work investigates the interaction between porous silicon (PS) and europium ions (Eu³⁺), revealing an efficient energy-transfer pathway responsible for activating Eu³⁺ emission. PS samples doped with an europium solution were annealed at 1100 °C to achieve optical activation. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the incorporation of europium within the porous silicon structure. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements demonstrated an efficient energy transfer from PS to Eu³⁺ ions. This process was attested by the disappearance of the typical broad PL emission of PS, replaced by a broadband-excitable long-lifetime Eu³⁺ emission. These findings outline a robust strategy for tailoring the optical properties of PS through rare-earth ion incorporation, yielding a composite material with enhanced luminescent performance and strong potential for advanced optical applications.