Chest Wall Lymphangiomas: Systematic Review of the Literature and Presentation of Two Prenatally Detected Cases in Monochorionic Diamniotic Twins

A systematic review of the literature on fetal chest wall lymphangioma with case presentations occurring in monochorionic pregnancies is reported. Potential complications during intrauterine life include the invasion or compression of adjacent structures or vital organs. The risk of dystocia during labor is also a cause for concern. Postnatally, several treatment options are available, with sclerotherapy and surgery being the preferred ones, though there is no consensus in the literature on the best technique. To our knowledge, chest wall lymphangioma has been briefly described once before in a monochorionic twin pregnancy, a case that is reported in detail in this review together with a previously unpublished case.