European recommendations on practices in pediatric neuroradiology: consensus document from the European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR), European Society of Paediatric Radiology (ESPR) and European Union of Medical Specialists Division of Neuroradiology (UEMS)

Pediatric neuroradiology is a subspecialty within radiology, with possible pathways to train within the discipline from neuroradiology or pediatric radiology. Formalized pediatric neuroradiology training programs are not available in most European countries. We aimed to construct a European consensus document providing recommendations for the safe practice of pediatric neuroradiology. We particularly emphasize imaging techniques that should be available, optimal site conditions and facilities, recommended team requirements and specific indications and protocol modifications for each imaging modality employed for pediatric neuroradiology studies. The present document serves as guidance to the optimal setup and organization for carrying out pediatric neuroradiology diagnostic and interventional procedures. Clinical activities should always be carried out in full agreement with national provisions and regulations. Continued education of all parties involved is a requisite for preserving pediatric neuroradiology practice at a high level.