Among non-communicable diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is significantly increasing not only in the western populations but also in those from East and South Asian countries such as China and India. Therefore, its macrovascular (i.e. cardiovascular) and microvascular damages are expected to rise worldwide, with a significant increase in social and economic burden of diabetes. In those diabetic patients not achieving therapeutic targets by means of lifestyle measures, pharmacologic therapy must be considered. Interestingly, the new glucoselowering agents - in particular glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) - have been associated with a number of extra-glycaemic effects, including cardiovascular benefits, nephron protection, and weight loss, reducing both morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and substantially improving the clinical management of this condition. This still limited body of work indicates a potential great interest in the extra-glycaemic actions of these new classes of antidiabetic drugs, particularly on the endocrine system. It can be expected that in the next years the choice of the pharmacological treatments for subjects with type 2 diabetes will be increasingly done not only according to HbA1C targets, costs, and potential side effects, but also for the capacity of drugs to prevent and/or treat organ damage, including in this concept both classical and nonclassical targets (i.e. kidney, heart, bone, testis, etc.). Nevertheless, further studies are required to clarify the relationships between antidiabetic drugs action and effects on these targets, independently of glucose control.

Editorial: Effects of pharmacologic therapy for diabetes mellitus on the endocrine system

Moghetti, P
2022-01-01

Abstract

Among non-communicable diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is significantly increasing not only in the western populations but also in those from East and South Asian countries such as China and India. Therefore, its macrovascular (i.e. cardiovascular) and microvascular damages are expected to rise worldwide, with a significant increase in social and economic burden of diabetes. In those diabetic patients not achieving therapeutic targets by means of lifestyle measures, pharmacologic therapy must be considered. Interestingly, the new glucoselowering agents - in particular glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) - have been associated with a number of extra-glycaemic effects, including cardiovascular benefits, nephron protection, and weight loss, reducing both morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and substantially improving the clinical management of this condition. This still limited body of work indicates a potential great interest in the extra-glycaemic actions of these new classes of antidiabetic drugs, particularly on the endocrine system. It can be expected that in the next years the choice of the pharmacological treatments for subjects with type 2 diabetes will be increasingly done not only according to HbA1C targets, costs, and potential side effects, but also for the capacity of drugs to prevent and/or treat organ damage, including in this concept both classical and nonclassical targets (i.e. kidney, heart, bone, testis, etc.). Nevertheless, further studies are required to clarify the relationships between antidiabetic drugs action and effects on these targets, independently of glucose control.
2022
aldosterone
diabetes mellitus
glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
growth hormone
parathyroid hormone
sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors
testosterone
thyroid hormones
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11562/1090989
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