The Issue of Translation: Translation of Concepts or Compositio between Cultures? The Case of John Locke

It was plain long before the 20th century that both the act of translation and the translator’s task were quite complex: it became clear and evident during the Enlighten-ment, within the République des Lettres, with the emergence and gradual affirmation of national languages. In this general framework, the French translation of John Locke’s Essay concerning Humane Understanding is one of the main protagonists of the circu-lation of texts and ideas: Pierre Coste’s solutions follow the strategy adopted by Jean Le Clerc in his Extrait of the Essay published in the “Bibliotheque universelle et his-torique” in 1688 and, in primis, by Locke himself, as a theorist of communica-tion/translation (in the Third Book of the Essay): the French translation is thus the exemplar par excellence and the embodiment of Locke’s theories of language, commu-nication, and communicative ethics, all axed on the concepts of “agreement” and “con-sensual rationality.”