Objective: This analysis has identified and characterized new users of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) in Italy and has assessed the occurrence of cardio-metabolic (CM) events over 3 years after the SGA starting therapy and the annual healthcare costs, in the perspective of the Italian National Health System (INHS). Methods: Starting from the Fondazione ReS (Ricerca e Salute)'s database, adults treated with SGA in 2015 (index supply) were selected. By analyzing 2 previous years, treatment incidence and presence/absence of CM diseases or predisposing conditions (PC) to these events were defined and 3 cohorts were identified: A) with CM or predisposing conditions, B) only with PC, C) without neither CM nor predisposing conditions. Cohorts B and C were paired with patients with the same clinical profiles but without any SGA supply. Into cohorts and related paired groups, CM diseases/predisposing conditions occurred (cases) during the 3-year follow-up after the index supply were searched. Cases were compared with related control groups in terms of probability of CM disease/predisposing conditions occurrence (survival analysis to the event - Kaplan-Meier curves). Results: Among more than 4 million adults, 12,218 were incident to SGA (2.8 x1,000): 2,732 composed cohort A (22.5%) with median age 80 (69;87), 1,492 cohort B (12.3%) with median age 77 (63;85), 7,904 cohort C (65.2%) with median age 60 (37;84). They were mostly females. The treatment incidence increased with age. The probabilities of CM events were: 15.8% and 13.3% among cases and controls of cohort B, and 7.5% and 5.1% among cases and controls of cohort C. Probabilities of predisposing conditions occurrence were 10% and 7.0% among cases and controls of cohort C. All differences were significant (p<0.01). The mean integrated healthcare cost was similar between case and control. Hospitalizations accounted for the most expenditure. Discussion and conclusion: CM events or predisposing conditions occurrence in the elderly is both a clinical and an economic issue for the INHS. The proper therapeutic choice and monitoring of patient treated with antipsychotics must be encouraged.
Scopo. L’analisi ha individuato e caratterizzato i pazienti incidenti al trattamento con antipsicotici di seconda generazione (SGA) in Italia e ha valutato lo sviluppo di eventi cardio-metabolici (CM) nei 3 anni successivi all’inizio della terapia con SGA e i costi assistenziali annuali a carico del Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN). Metodi. Dal database di Fondazione ReS (Ricerca e Salute), sono state individuate tutte le persone adulte in terapia con SGA nel 2015 (erogazione indice). Nei 2 anni di pregresso sono state definite l’incidenza al trattamento e la presenza/assenza di patologie CM o condizioni predisponenti tali malattie, individuando 3 coorti: A) con disordini di entrambi i tipi; B) solo con condizioni predisponenti; C) senza disturbi CM o predisponenti. Alle coorti B e C sono stati appaiati pazienti con stesse condizioni cliniche ma non in terapia con SGA. All’interno delle coorti e dei relativi appaiamenti, sono state ricercate le patologie CM/condizioni predisponenti verificatisi (casi) nei 3 anni successivi l’erogazione indice e confrontate per probabilità di sviluppo con i gruppi appaiati (controlli), tramite un’analisi di sopravvivenza all’evento (curve Kaplan-Meier). Risultati. Tra più di 4 milioni di adulti dal database ReS, 12.128 sono risultati incidenti a SGA (2,8 x1000), di cui 2732 nella coorte A (22,5%) con età mediana 80 (69;87), 1492 nella coorte B (12,3%) con età mediana 77 (63;85), 7904 nella coorte C (65,2%) con età mediana 60 (37;84). Erano soprattutto donne e l’incidenza di trattamento aumentava con l’età. Le probabilità di sviluppo di eventi CM sono state: 15,8% e 13,3% tra casi e controlli della coorte B e 7,5% e 5,1% tra casi e controlli della coorte C. Le probabilità di sviluppo di condizioni predisponenti sono state del 10% e 7% tra casi e controlli della coorte C. Tutte le differenze sono risultate significative (p<0,01). Il costo medio integrato era simile tra caso e controllo e influenzato soprattutto dalle ospedalizzazioni. Discussione e conclusione. Lo sviluppo di eventi CM/condizioni predisponenti nei pazienti anziani rappresenta un problema clinico e di sostenibilità del SSN. È necessario favorire l’appropriata scelta terapeutica e il monitoraggio del paziente trattato con antipsicotici.
Antipsicotici di seconda generazione ed eventi cardio-metabolici: analisi real-world e costi assistenziali. [Second-generation antipsychotics and cardio-metabolic events: real-world analysis and healthcare costs]
Barbui, Corrado;
2021-01-01
Abstract
Objective: This analysis has identified and characterized new users of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) in Italy and has assessed the occurrence of cardio-metabolic (CM) events over 3 years after the SGA starting therapy and the annual healthcare costs, in the perspective of the Italian National Health System (INHS). Methods: Starting from the Fondazione ReS (Ricerca e Salute)'s database, adults treated with SGA in 2015 (index supply) were selected. By analyzing 2 previous years, treatment incidence and presence/absence of CM diseases or predisposing conditions (PC) to these events were defined and 3 cohorts were identified: A) with CM or predisposing conditions, B) only with PC, C) without neither CM nor predisposing conditions. Cohorts B and C were paired with patients with the same clinical profiles but without any SGA supply. Into cohorts and related paired groups, CM diseases/predisposing conditions occurred (cases) during the 3-year follow-up after the index supply were searched. Cases were compared with related control groups in terms of probability of CM disease/predisposing conditions occurrence (survival analysis to the event - Kaplan-Meier curves). Results: Among more than 4 million adults, 12,218 were incident to SGA (2.8 x1,000): 2,732 composed cohort A (22.5%) with median age 80 (69;87), 1,492 cohort B (12.3%) with median age 77 (63;85), 7,904 cohort C (65.2%) with median age 60 (37;84). They were mostly females. The treatment incidence increased with age. The probabilities of CM events were: 15.8% and 13.3% among cases and controls of cohort B, and 7.5% and 5.1% among cases and controls of cohort C. Probabilities of predisposing conditions occurrence were 10% and 7.0% among cases and controls of cohort C. All differences were significant (p<0.01). The mean integrated healthcare cost was similar between case and control. Hospitalizations accounted for the most expenditure. Discussion and conclusion: CM events or predisposing conditions occurrence in the elderly is both a clinical and an economic issue for the INHS. The proper therapeutic choice and monitoring of patient treated with antipsychotics must be encouraged.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.