Titolo: Danno d’organo subclinico in soggetti a basso rischio cardiovascolare Scopo dello studio: Le attuali linee guida per la definizione del rischio cardiovascolare suggeriscono l’uso di un calcolo del rischio globale basato sui tradizionali fattori di rischio per tutti gli adulti asintomatici. Questi punteggi non considerano il danno d’organo subclinico con un possibile errore tra il rischio cardiovascolare calcolato e la reale estensione della malattia aterosclerotica in quel soggetto. Scopo di questo studio è definire la prevalenza dei fattori di rischio tradizionali e valutare la presenza di danno d’organo subclinico in soggetti asintomatici a basso rischio cardiovascolare. Disegno e metodi: Abbiamo reclutato 244 soggetti volontari asintomatici (168 maschi e 76 femmine), di età compresa tra i 40 e i 64 anni; abbiamo individuato i loro fattori di rischio cardiovascolari e abbiamo calcolato il loro rischio cardiovascolare globale utilizzando le linee guida del “Progetto Cuore”. Infine abbiamo ricercato il danno d’organo subclinico con l’ecocolordoppler delle Carotidi, il calcolo dell’indice ABI, l’ecocardiogramma transtoracico e l’elettrocardiogramma. Risultati: Abbiamo trovato un’elevata prevalenza di fattori di rischio modificabili. Abbiamo anche rilevato una scarsa consapevolezza del rischio cardiovascolare nella popolazione, con un’alta prevalenza di patologie misconosciute (ipertensione: 44% dei maschi e delle femmine%; ipercolesterolemia: 34% dei maschi e 25% delle femmine). Quasi tutti i pazienti (94% dei maschi e 100% delle femmine) avevano un rischio cardiovascolare inferiore al 10% (rischio di avere un evento acuto cardiovascolare nei successivi 10 anni). Persino tra questi soggetti a rischio relativamente basso, abbiamo trovato un’alta prevalenza di danno vascolare (14% dei maschi e 4% delle femmine avevano lo spessore intima-media> 0,9 mm, il 22% dei maschi e il 5% delle femmine avevano almeno una placca a livello carotideo, il 4% dei maschi e il 5% delle femmine avevano un indice caviglia-braccio patologico) e d’iniziale rimodellamento cardiaco (nel 12% dei maschi lo spessore del setto cardiaco era superiore a 1,1 cm). Conclusioni: Il nostro risultato principale è che perfino i soggetti con un rischio cardiovascolare basso (secondo il calcolo del rischio individuale) hanno un’alta prevalenza di danno d’organo subclinico; è quindi nostra opinione che la ricerca del danno d’organo potrebbe essere utile per ridefinire il rischio cardiovascolare per ottenere il calcolo di un punteggio realmente individuale.
ROLE OF ORGAN DAMAGE MARKERS IN GLOBAL EVALUATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN LOW RISK PATIENTS. Objective: Current guidelines for the assessment of cardiovascular risk suggest the use of a global risk score based on traditional risk factors for all asymptomatic adults. Actually these scores don’t consider target organ damage leading to a possible mismatch between individual risk score and the real atherosclerotic burden of a subject. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of traditional risk factors and to evaluate the presence of target organ damage, focusing attention on low risk patients. Design and method: We recruited 244 asymptomatic volunteers (168 males and 76 females) aged between 40 and 64, we assessed their traditional risk factors and we calculated the cardiovascular risk score based on the Italian “Progetto Cuore” guidelines. Eventually, we evaluated target organ damage with Carotid Ultrasound, Ankle-Brachial Index, Transthoracic Echocardiography and Electrocardiography. Results: We found a high prevalence of avoidable risk factors. We also noticed remarkably poor awareness of cardiovascular risk in the population, with a high prevalence of undiagnosed conditions (hypertension: 44% of men and 44% of women; hypercholesterolemia: 34% of men and 25% of women). Almost all patients (94% of males and 100% of females) had a cardiovascular risk score <10% (10-year risk of an acute cardiovascular event). Even among these relatively low-risk individuals we found a high prevalence of vascular damage (14% of men and 4% of women had a Intima-media thickness> 0.9 mm, 22% of men and 5% of women had at least a carotid plaque, 4% of men and 5% of women had pathological ankle-brachial index) and starting cardiac remodeling (in 12% of men cardiac septum was >1.1 cm). Conclusions: Our main finding is that even subjects with low cardiovascular risk (according to individual risk score) have a high prevalence of target organ damage, so the research of organ damage could be useful to reclassify cardio-vascular risk in an assessment of a real “individual-based” risk-score.
Danno d'organo subclinico in soggetti a basso rischio cardiovascolare
ALBIERO, Anna
2013-01-01
Abstract
ROLE OF ORGAN DAMAGE MARKERS IN GLOBAL EVALUATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN LOW RISK PATIENTS. Objective: Current guidelines for the assessment of cardiovascular risk suggest the use of a global risk score based on traditional risk factors for all asymptomatic adults. Actually these scores don’t consider target organ damage leading to a possible mismatch between individual risk score and the real atherosclerotic burden of a subject. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of traditional risk factors and to evaluate the presence of target organ damage, focusing attention on low risk patients. Design and method: We recruited 244 asymptomatic volunteers (168 males and 76 females) aged between 40 and 64, we assessed their traditional risk factors and we calculated the cardiovascular risk score based on the Italian “Progetto Cuore” guidelines. Eventually, we evaluated target organ damage with Carotid Ultrasound, Ankle-Brachial Index, Transthoracic Echocardiography and Electrocardiography. Results: We found a high prevalence of avoidable risk factors. We also noticed remarkably poor awareness of cardiovascular risk in the population, with a high prevalence of undiagnosed conditions (hypertension: 44% of men and 44% of women; hypercholesterolemia: 34% of men and 25% of women). Almost all patients (94% of males and 100% of females) had a cardiovascular risk score <10% (10-year risk of an acute cardiovascular event). Even among these relatively low-risk individuals we found a high prevalence of vascular damage (14% of men and 4% of women had a Intima-media thickness> 0.9 mm, 22% of men and 5% of women had at least a carotid plaque, 4% of men and 5% of women had pathological ankle-brachial index) and starting cardiac remodeling (in 12% of men cardiac septum was >1.1 cm). Conclusions: Our main finding is that even subjects with low cardiovascular risk (according to individual risk score) have a high prevalence of target organ damage, so the research of organ damage could be useful to reclassify cardio-vascular risk in an assessment of a real “individual-based” risk-score.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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