Titolo: Un studio di risonanza magnetica strutturale del lobo parietale nel disturbo bipolare Introduzione: Il lobo parietale (PL) ha ricevuto poca attenzione nella letteratura di imaging cerebrale rispetto ad altre regioni del cervello. Ciò Nonostante, il PL ha dimostrato di essere coinvolto in diversi processi neurocognitivi (ad esempio l’attenzione, la pianificazione e il controllo motorio, la regolazione emotiva), che sembrano essere alterati nella schizofrenia e, in misura minore, nel disturbo bipolare (BD). Inoltre, alcuni studi hanno evidenziato la presenza di alterazioni strutturali del PL in queste patologie, suggerendo così che il PL possa rappresentare una regione di interesse, per una migliore comprensione del BD. Obiettivi: L'obiettivo di questo studio è di valutare la volumetria del PL in pazienti con BD rispetto a soggetti sani e di esplorare possibili cambiamenti di volume nel tempo, con l’utilizzo di immagini di risonanza magnetica strutturale (SMRI). Inoltre, il nostro obiettivo è quello di indagare le possibili relazioni tra anatomia del PL e le variabili socio-demografiche e cliniche, al fine di chiarire il ruolo del PL, come parte di una rete cerebrale più estesa, che possa sostenere la sintomatologia del BD. Questo progetto è incluso in uno studio intitolato FIRST (Following Imaging Resilience features in Schizophrenia and affecTive disorder) Metodi: Un campione di pazienti con diagnosi di BD (DSM-IV) è stato selezionato attraverso il Registro Psichiatrico dei Casi di Verona Sud. E’ stato inoltre reclutato un gruppo di volontari sani. Tutti i soggetti che hanno soddisfatto i criteri di inclusione per lo studio sono stati sottoposti a SMRI, insieme a una valutazione clinica composta da scale di valutazione, atte a misurare il funzionamento globale e le dimensioni psicopatologiche. Le variabili socio-demografiche e cliniche (cioè l'età d’esordio, il numero di ricoveri, il trattamento psicofarmacologico) sono stati raccolti durante un'intervista ai pazienti e con l’utilizzo delle cartelle cliniche. Risultati: Quarantasei pazienti con BD e 47 controlli sani (HC) (paragonabili per sesso ed età) sono stati sottoposti a SMRI. Ventidue pazienti con BD e 16 HC hanno ripetuto l’esame di MRI ad 1 anno, per la fase follow up. Il PL bilaterale è stato tracciato manualmente nel piano sagittale (Brains2 software) e sono stati calcolati i volumi della sostanza grigia (GM) e della sostanza bianca (WM). Dai risultati delle analisi cross sectional è emersa una riduzione statisticamente significativa della GM e della WM del PL destro e sinistro (a sinistra GM p = 0,019; diritto GM p = 0,034; lasciato WM p = 0.000, giusto WM p = 0.001) nei pazienti con BD, rispetto al soggetti sani. Nell'analisi longitudinale, è stato osservato un effetto significativo del gruppo sulla WM bilaterale del PL (sinistra WM p = 0,007, destra WM P = 0,026), e un effetto del tempo sulla GM del PL bilaterale (GM sinistra p = 0,023; destra GM p = 0,017). Non è stata osservata un’ interazione di gruppo x tempo statisticamente significativa (p> 0,05). Le analisi di correlazione hanno mostrato una correlazione inversa e significativa tra la WM e la GM del PL bilaterali e la durata della malattia (a sinistra PL WM p = 0,001, a destra PL WM p = 0,002, sinistra PL GM p = 0,001, a destra PL GM p = 0,001) e tra la WM del PL bilaterale e i punteggi alla Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) (a sinistra PL WM p = 0,002, a destra PL WM p = 0,004) nel gruppo dei pazienti. Inoltre, è emersa una correlazione positiva tra la WM del PL del e i punteggi la Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) (p = 0,004). Conclusione: I risultati hanno mostrato una riduzione significativa dei volumi del PL (GM, WM) in pazienti con BD, rispetto ai HC. Nessuna interazione gruppo x tempo è stata osservata nell'analisi longitudinale. Inoltre, la riduzione dei volumi del PL sembra essere associata con la gravità della depressione (HDRS), e con la cronicità e il funzionamento globale.
Title: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study of the parietal lobe in bipolar disorder Background: Little attention has been given to the parietal lobe (PL) in brain imaging literature, compared to other brain regions. Despite that, PL has been shown to be involved in several neurocognitive processes (i.e. attention, motor planning and control, emotion regulation), which seem to be impaired in schizophrenia and, with a minor extent, in bipolar disorder (BD). Also, some studies highlighted the presence of structural PL abnormalities in these disorders, thus suggesting PL as a region of interest for a better understanding of BD. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess PL volumes in BD and to explore volumes change over time, by means of structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI). Also, our aim was to investigate the relationships between PL anatomy and socio-demographic and clinical variables, in order to clarify the role of PL as part of a more extended brain network possibly sustaining BD symptomathology. This research was part of the FIRST study (Following Imaging Resilience features in Schizophrenia and affecTive disorder). Methods: A sample of patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of BD was selected through the South Verona Psychiatric Case Register. A group of healthy volunteers was also recruited. All subjects who met criteria for the study underwent sMRI, along with a clinical assessment composed by rating scales measuring global functioning and psychopathological dimensions. Socio-demographic and clinical variables (i.e. age of onset, number of hospitalization, psychopharmacological treatment) were also collected from patients’ interview and medical records. Results: Forty-six BD patients and 47 healthy controls (HC) (comparable for gender and age) underwent sMRI. Twenty-two BD patients and 16 HC repeated MRI at 1-year follow up. PL was manually traced bilaterally in the sagittal plane (Brains2 software), and grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes were calculated. Cross sectional comparison of BD patients and controls showed a statistically significant reduction on bilateral PL GM and WM (left GM p=0.019; right GM p=0.034; left WM p=0.000, right WM p=0.001) in BD patients, compared to healthy subjects. In the longitudinal analysis, a significant group effect on bilateral WM PL (left WM p=0.007, right WM P=0.026) was observed, along with a time effect on bilateral PL GM (left GM p=0.023; right GM p=0.017. No significant interaction effect of time x group was observed (p>0.05). Correlation analyses showed an inverse and significant correlation between bilateral PL WM and GM and length of illness (left PL WM p= 0.001, right PL WM p= 0.002, left PL GM p= 0.001, right PL GM p= 0.001) and between left and right PL WM and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores (left PL WM p= 0.002, right PL WM p=0.004) in patients’ group. Moreover, left PL WM positively correlated with Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score (p=0.004). Conclusion: Results showed a significant reduction in PL volumes (GM, WM) in patients with BD, compared to HC. No group x time interaction was observed in the longitudinal analysis. Furthermore, PL volumes reduction appears to be associated with severity of depression (HDRS) but also with chronicity and global functioning.
A structural magnetic resonance imaging studyof the parietal lobe in bipolar disorder
FERRO, Adele
2012-01-01
Abstract
Title: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study of the parietal lobe in bipolar disorder Background: Little attention has been given to the parietal lobe (PL) in brain imaging literature, compared to other brain regions. Despite that, PL has been shown to be involved in several neurocognitive processes (i.e. attention, motor planning and control, emotion regulation), which seem to be impaired in schizophrenia and, with a minor extent, in bipolar disorder (BD). Also, some studies highlighted the presence of structural PL abnormalities in these disorders, thus suggesting PL as a region of interest for a better understanding of BD. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess PL volumes in BD and to explore volumes change over time, by means of structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI). Also, our aim was to investigate the relationships between PL anatomy and socio-demographic and clinical variables, in order to clarify the role of PL as part of a more extended brain network possibly sustaining BD symptomathology. This research was part of the FIRST study (Following Imaging Resilience features in Schizophrenia and affecTive disorder). Methods: A sample of patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of BD was selected through the South Verona Psychiatric Case Register. A group of healthy volunteers was also recruited. All subjects who met criteria for the study underwent sMRI, along with a clinical assessment composed by rating scales measuring global functioning and psychopathological dimensions. Socio-demographic and clinical variables (i.e. age of onset, number of hospitalization, psychopharmacological treatment) were also collected from patients’ interview and medical records. Results: Forty-six BD patients and 47 healthy controls (HC) (comparable for gender and age) underwent sMRI. Twenty-two BD patients and 16 HC repeated MRI at 1-year follow up. PL was manually traced bilaterally in the sagittal plane (Brains2 software), and grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes were calculated. Cross sectional comparison of BD patients and controls showed a statistically significant reduction on bilateral PL GM and WM (left GM p=0.019; right GM p=0.034; left WM p=0.000, right WM p=0.001) in BD patients, compared to healthy subjects. In the longitudinal analysis, a significant group effect on bilateral WM PL (left WM p=0.007, right WM P=0.026) was observed, along with a time effect on bilateral PL GM (left GM p=0.023; right GM p=0.017. No significant interaction effect of time x group was observed (p>0.05). Correlation analyses showed an inverse and significant correlation between bilateral PL WM and GM and length of illness (left PL WM p= 0.001, right PL WM p= 0.002, left PL GM p= 0.001, right PL GM p= 0.001) and between left and right PL WM and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores (left PL WM p= 0.002, right PL WM p=0.004) in patients’ group. Moreover, left PL WM positively correlated with Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score (p=0.004). Conclusion: Results showed a significant reduction in PL volumes (GM, WM) in patients with BD, compared to HC. No group x time interaction was observed in the longitudinal analysis. Furthermore, PL volumes reduction appears to be associated with severity of depression (HDRS) but also with chronicity and global functioning.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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