Le malattie cardiovascolari costituiscono la principale causa di morte nei paesi occidentali, in particolare lo scompenso cardiaco è la sottoclasse con la più rapida crescita nell’ultimo decennio. La fisiopatologia dell’ipertrofia miocardica e l’evoluzione dell’insufficienza cardiaca rappresentano l’epifenomeno di complesse e molteplici vie biochimiche responsabili della trasduzione del segnale intra ed extra-cellulare. Diversi studi clinici hanno rivelato su modelli animali il coinvolgimento d’importanti mediatori proteici che giocano un ruolo chiave nella fisiopatologia cardiaca, e in particolare, di una via intracellulare di trasduzione del segnale, la via JAK(Janus-activated kinase) /STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription), indotta da diversi mediatori, tra cui l’Angiotensina (Ang) II, fattore determinante nel rimodellamento cardiaco. Come sperimentalmente dimostrato, la fosforilazione di ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) indotta da Angi II è ridotta nei cardiomiociti umani isolati da cuori scompensati (FM), indipendentemente dalla causa specifica che ha condotto all’insufficienza cardiaca, diversamente la fosforilazione di JAK2 risulta aumentata, contrariamente a quanto accade nelle cellule miocardiche provenienti da cuori “sani” (NFM). Nonostante l’attivazione di JAK2 indotta da Ang II risulta potenziata nei cardiomiociti FM, rimangono ancora inesplorati i fenomeni che sottendono la modulazione degli STAT, in particolare tra l’effetto cardioprotettivo di STAT3 e l’effetto pro-infiammatorio di STAT2 e STAT5. Pertanto abbiamo studiato l’attivazione differenziale degli STAT conseguente alla fosforilazione di JAK2 nei cardiomiociti isolati, ottenuti da cuori umani scompensati (n=16), e da cuori umani sani (n=6) o ratti adulti (data la scarsa disponibilità di cuori umani sani utilizzabili per prelievo). Nei NFM la fosforilazione di JAK2 è seguita dall’attivazione di STAT3 (205%±43% a 30 min) senza alcuna risposta di STAT2 o STAT5. Diversamente nei FM è stato osservato un incremento di STAT2 (229%±36%) e STAT5 (224%±44%) senza alcuna risposta di STAT3. L’attivazione degli STAT è modulata negativamente dall’antagonismo selettivo dei recettori AT1, ma non degli AT2. I risultati di questo lavoro sperimentale dimostrano un opposto pattern di attivazione degli STAT studiati tra i cardiomiociti FM e NFM. In altri termini, l’alterazione della risposta degli STAT indotta da JAK2 nei cardiomiociti “scompensati”, e il ruolo relativo di alti livelli di glucosio, come precedentemente dimostrato, potrebbero essere rilevanti nella progressione dell’ipertrofia miocardica nei diabetici e nell’evoluzione della insufficienza cardiaca di qualunque eziologia.
Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of mortality in the Western world, with heart failure representing the fastest growing subclass over the past decade. Although signal-transduction pathways are inherently complex and abundant, studies in animal models have revealed important mediators of cardiac hypertrophy from proteins; in particular, recent reports have shown that the JAK-STAT intracellular signal transduction pathway plays a central role in cardiac pathophysiology. Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation is reduced in human ventricular failing cardiomyocytes (FM), whereas Janus-activated kinase (JAK)2 phosphorylation is enhanced as compared to non-failing myocardial cells (NFM). Although Ang II-induced JAK2 phosphorylation was reported to be enhanced in failing human cardiomyocytes, the downstream balance between cardio-protective signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and the pro-inflammatory (STAT2 and STAT5) response remains unexplored. Therefore STATs phosphorylation following JAK2 activation were investigated in isolated cardiomyocytes obtained from failing human hearts (n=16), and from non-failing (NF) hearts from humans (putative donors, n=6) or adult rats. In NF myocytes JAK2 activation was followed by STAT3 phosphorylation (205%±43% at 30 min) with no STAT2 or STAT5 response. Conversely in failing myocytes STAT2 (229%±36%) and STAT5 (224%±44%) phosphorylation responses were observed with no STAT3 response. STAT activation was blunted by AT1 but not AT2 antagonism. According to the present findings, an opposite pattern of STAT response characterises FM as compared to NFM. The altered JAK2 induced STATs response in human failing cardiomyocytes, as well as the relative role of glucose, may be of relevance for myocardial hypertrophy in diabetics and the further progression of heart failure due to the selective activity of the STATs involved.
Biochemical pathways analysis of intracellular and extracellular signaling in failing human ventricular myocytes: differential signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins modulation.
LUCCHESE, Gianluca
2012-01-01
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of mortality in the Western world, with heart failure representing the fastest growing subclass over the past decade. Although signal-transduction pathways are inherently complex and abundant, studies in animal models have revealed important mediators of cardiac hypertrophy from proteins; in particular, recent reports have shown that the JAK-STAT intracellular signal transduction pathway plays a central role in cardiac pathophysiology. Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation is reduced in human ventricular failing cardiomyocytes (FM), whereas Janus-activated kinase (JAK)2 phosphorylation is enhanced as compared to non-failing myocardial cells (NFM). Although Ang II-induced JAK2 phosphorylation was reported to be enhanced in failing human cardiomyocytes, the downstream balance between cardio-protective signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and the pro-inflammatory (STAT2 and STAT5) response remains unexplored. Therefore STATs phosphorylation following JAK2 activation were investigated in isolated cardiomyocytes obtained from failing human hearts (n=16), and from non-failing (NF) hearts from humans (putative donors, n=6) or adult rats. In NF myocytes JAK2 activation was followed by STAT3 phosphorylation (205%±43% at 30 min) with no STAT2 or STAT5 response. Conversely in failing myocytes STAT2 (229%±36%) and STAT5 (224%±44%) phosphorylation responses were observed with no STAT3 response. STAT activation was blunted by AT1 but not AT2 antagonism. According to the present findings, an opposite pattern of STAT response characterises FM as compared to NFM. The altered JAK2 induced STATs response in human failing cardiomyocytes, as well as the relative role of glucose, may be of relevance for myocardial hypertrophy in diabetics and the further progression of heart failure due to the selective activity of the STATs involved.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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