INTRODUZIONE La schizofrenia è una malattia mentale disabilitante che colpisce circa l’1% della popolazione mondiale. Una frazione compresa tra un quinto ed un terzo dei pazienti affetti da schizofrenia ricevono un beneficio parziale o nullo dai trattamenti con farmaci antipsicotici di prima o seconda generazione. In questo gruppo di pazienti refrattari, la clozapina rappresenta il farmaco di scelta. Purtroppo, circa un terzo di questi pazienti presenta la persistenza di sintomi positivi. Il bisogno di un’indicazione per questi pazienti ha spinto le linee guida europee ed americane a raccomandare la contemporanea prescrizione di un secondo antipsicotico in aggiunta alla clozapina, senza però specificare quale farmaco dovrebbe essere prescritto. OBIETTIVO L’obiettivo dello studio è di confrontare in termini di eficacia e tollerabilità, l’associazione clozapine-aloperidolo rispetto all’associazione clozapine-aripiprazolo, in pazienti refrattari al trattamento con la sola clozapina utilizzata per un periodo di tempo adeguato. METODI Il Clozapine Haloperidol Aripiprazole Trial (CHAT) è uno studio prospettico, multicentrico, pragmatico e randomizzato. I pazienti sono stati valutati al baseline, dopo tre, sei e dodici mesi di follow-up. Lo studio è stato fatto in aperto per quanto riguarda il trattamento farmacologico in atto, mentre gli outcome valutati attraverso scale di misurazione standardizzate sono stati elaborati da personale competente e cieco rispetto al trattamento farmacologico in corso. Il protocollo dello studio è stato approvato dall’Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco ed ha ricevuto l’approvazione da parte del comitato etico in ciascun centro partecipante. RISULTATI 106 pazienti sono stati inseriti nello studio e assegnati in modo randomizzato ad uno dei due bracci di trattamento. Dopo tre mesi (13.2 vs 15.1%, p = 0.780), cosi come dopo dodici mesi (30.8 vs 38.0%, p = 0.442), l’analisi dell’outcome primario non ha mostrato nessuna differenza significativa nei due gruppi di studio. CONCLUSIONI Questo studio indica che l’associazione clozapina-aripiprazolo rispetto all’associazione clozapina-aloperidolo, non offre benefici in termini di sospensione del trattamento e di miglioramento della sintomatologia nei pazienti affetti da schizofrenia. L’analisi dei dati a 12 mesi, conferma il trend evidenziato a 3 mesi, mostrando una minor percezione degli effetti avversi con l’utilizzo dell’aripiprazolo.
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder. It affects as much as 1% of the population worldwide. A proportion of one fifth to one third of patients with schizophrenia derive little or no benefit from treatment with first or second generation antipsychotics. In these treatment refractory patients, clozapine has been shown to be the treatment of choice. Unfortunately, however, approximately one third of treatment-refractory patients have persistent positive symptoms. The need to provide real-world suggestions for patients who do not have an optimal response to clozapine has prompted European and American treatment guidelines to recommend the concurrent prescription of a second antipsychotic in addition to clozapine in partially responsive patients, with no indication on which agent should be prescribed. OBJECTIVE The main clinical question to be answered by CHAT is the relative efficacy and tolerability of combination treatment with clozapine plus aripiprazole compared to combination treatment with clozapine plus haloperidol in patients with an incomplete response to treatment with clozapine over an appropriate period of time. METHODS The Clozapine Haloperidol Aripiprazole Trial (CHAT) is a prospective, multicentre, pragmatic, randomized, parallel group, superiority trial. Patients were assessed at baseline and after three, six and 12 months of follow-up. During the study, patients and clinicians were not blind to pharmacological treatments provided during the trial. However, outcome assessments based on rating scales were performed by trained assessors masked to the allocated treatment. CHAT was undertaken in compliance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by Italian Medicine Agency (Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco) and received ethical approval in each participating site. All phases of CHAT were recorded following the Consolidated Standard of Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) statement. RESULTS 106 patients were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to treatment. After three months (13.2 vs 15.1%, p = 0.780), as well as after twelve months (30.8 vs 38.0%, p = 0.442), the analysis of the primary outcome revealed no difference in the proportion of patients who discontinued treatment between the aripiprazole and haloperidol groups. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that augmentation of clozapine with aripiprazole offers no benefit with regard to treatment withdrawal and overall symptoms in schizophrenia as compared with augmentation with haloperidol. The analysis of the 12-month data from CHAT, confirm a trend of favourable advantage in the perception of adverse effects with aripiprazole, found out at 3-month analysis.
The CHAT study: clozapine haloperidol aripiprazole trial
ESPOSITO, Eleonora
2011-01-01
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder. It affects as much as 1% of the population worldwide. A proportion of one fifth to one third of patients with schizophrenia derive little or no benefit from treatment with first or second generation antipsychotics. In these treatment refractory patients, clozapine has been shown to be the treatment of choice. Unfortunately, however, approximately one third of treatment-refractory patients have persistent positive symptoms. The need to provide real-world suggestions for patients who do not have an optimal response to clozapine has prompted European and American treatment guidelines to recommend the concurrent prescription of a second antipsychotic in addition to clozapine in partially responsive patients, with no indication on which agent should be prescribed. OBJECTIVE The main clinical question to be answered by CHAT is the relative efficacy and tolerability of combination treatment with clozapine plus aripiprazole compared to combination treatment with clozapine plus haloperidol in patients with an incomplete response to treatment with clozapine over an appropriate period of time. METHODS The Clozapine Haloperidol Aripiprazole Trial (CHAT) is a prospective, multicentre, pragmatic, randomized, parallel group, superiority trial. Patients were assessed at baseline and after three, six and 12 months of follow-up. During the study, patients and clinicians were not blind to pharmacological treatments provided during the trial. However, outcome assessments based on rating scales were performed by trained assessors masked to the allocated treatment. CHAT was undertaken in compliance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by Italian Medicine Agency (Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco) and received ethical approval in each participating site. All phases of CHAT were recorded following the Consolidated Standard of Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) statement. RESULTS 106 patients were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to treatment. After three months (13.2 vs 15.1%, p = 0.780), as well as after twelve months (30.8 vs 38.0%, p = 0.442), the analysis of the primary outcome revealed no difference in the proportion of patients who discontinued treatment between the aripiprazole and haloperidol groups. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that augmentation of clozapine with aripiprazole offers no benefit with regard to treatment withdrawal and overall symptoms in schizophrenia as compared with augmentation with haloperidol. The analysis of the 12-month data from CHAT, confirm a trend of favourable advantage in the perception of adverse effects with aripiprazole, found out at 3-month analysis.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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