Presupposti: nonostante gli enormi sforzi della ricerca per lo studio del carcinoma del pancreas, a tutt’oggi questo tumore aggressivo rimane incurabile e necessita di terapie mirate che garantiscano un miglioramento concreto della qualità della vita dei pazienti. Pertanto, è forte il bisogno di creare un sistema efficace e mirato all’identificazione di nuovi composti per la cura del cancro del pancreas. Scopo: lo scopo di questo lavoro è quello di contribuire alla generazione di un sistema che porti selezione di nuovi composti per il trattamento del carcinoma pancreatico. Questo sistema include tecniche, protocolli e un modello cellulare e animale di tumore del pancreas indispensabili per testare in vitro un alto numero di composti e per la successiva validazione in vivo dei composti selezionati. Risultati: nel corso di questo lavoro, abbiamo innanzitutto completato la caratterizzazione delle Panc1-sfere, che sono cellule tumorali presentanti caratteristiche di staminalità, precedentemente isolate nel nostro laboratorio dalla linea cellulare Panc1. Tali cellule coincidono con la subpopolazione cellulare più chemoresistente a numerosi composti già in uso clinico, pertanto sono ritenute essere il modello cellulare più indicato per la selezione di nuovi farmaci sia in vitro che in vivo. Al fine di studiare il comportamento in vivo delle Panc1-sfere, dapprima abbiamo inoculato queste cellule in sede orto topica in topi immunodeficienti e seguito la crescita tumorale ortotopici tramite Risonanza Magnetica (RMI). I nostri risultati hanno dimostrato che le Panc1-sfere rappresentano la subpopolazione più aggressiva perché crescono più velocemente rispetto alla controparte aderente, metastatizzano con maggiore frequenza e sono positive ai markers mesenchimali. Inoltre, abbiamo osservato che la RMI non è in grado di rilevare masse che poi sono state trovate nel corso delle necropsie, pertanto abbiamo effettuato un secondo esperimento, utilizzando due tecniche di Imaging in più: l’ecografia e l’Imaging Ottico. I risultati dimostrano che l’utilizzo contemporaneo di più tecniche di Imaging è estremamente utile perché fornisce informazioni complementari garantendo una maggiore precisione soprattutto per seguire in vivo gli effetti dei composti che saranno selezionati dallo screening in vitro. Conclusione: i nostri risultati dimostrano che il tumore ortotopico generato inoculando le Panc1- sfere è un buon modello che può essere usato nello validazione in vivo di nuovi composti potenzialmente in grado di curare questa malattia. Inoltre, proponiamo un protocollo combinato delle tre metodiche di Imaging che, considerando i limiti e i vantaggi di ciascuna, garantisce di monitorare la crescita tumorale in ogni sua fase, sempre nelle migliori condizioni.
Background: Pancreatic cancer remains a highly aggressive and not curable cancer in spite of the ample research in the last decades. Since conventional treatment approaches have not satisfactory effects because they don’t result in a significant improvement of the disease outcome, an effective research system is still strongly needed, in order to accurately predict the clinical efficacy of novel compounds developed for pancreatic cancer treatment. Aim: the aim of the current study is to contribute to the generation of a complete and straightforward system useful for the identification and pre-clinic screening of novel drug for the treatment pancreatic cancer. This system should provide the techniques, the protocols and a pancreatic cancer model suitable firstly for in vitro high-throughput compounds screening and then for in vivo validation of the selected molecules. Results: findings previously obtained in our laboratory have already demonstrate potential stemlike behavior of Panc-1 cells growing as 3-dimensional spheres (Panc1-spheres), isolated from adherent Panc-1 cell line. In this study we continued with the in vivo characterization of Panc-1 spheres because we used them as pancreatic cancer cell line model in the compounds screening system we are generating. So, we performed subcutaneus and orthotopical injections in nude mice with adherent Panc1 and Panc1-spheres cells. Tumor growths were followed using MRI. In order to deepen the characterization of Panc1-spheres, we also studied EMT on tumors derived from this experiment such as in vitro in both cell lines. Moreover, we observed that an improvement of imaging strategies was actually needed, in order to better control above all the formation of small masses as metastasis and early primary tumors, since MRI was not sufficient when used alone. For this reason, we also decided to focus our attention to the most important non-invasive small animalimaging modalities available today, in particular MRI, Micro-Ultrasound (US) and In Vivo Optical Imaging. Then, we correlated these techniques, arriving to the point to have an “imaging protocol”, able to offset some of the limitation of each modality when used alone, to be used in the compounds screening system we would like to generate. Conclusion: Our findings have demonstrated that the pancreatic cancer spheres are more than just cancer stem-like cells. Our mouse model, established with Sphere-growing cells, may be used for the testing of novel compounds specifically designed to target this stem-like compartment, resistant to standard chemotherapies. A combined imaging approach, with combine MRI, Optical imaging and US, in this contest become extremely important, in order to follow primary tumor sizes and metastasis detection before and after the treatment with novel compounds.
Generating a pancreatic cancer mouse model: from Cancer Stem Cells to in vivo imaging strategies
RITELLI, Rossana
2010-01-01
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer remains a highly aggressive and not curable cancer in spite of the ample research in the last decades. Since conventional treatment approaches have not satisfactory effects because they don’t result in a significant improvement of the disease outcome, an effective research system is still strongly needed, in order to accurately predict the clinical efficacy of novel compounds developed for pancreatic cancer treatment. Aim: the aim of the current study is to contribute to the generation of a complete and straightforward system useful for the identification and pre-clinic screening of novel drug for the treatment pancreatic cancer. This system should provide the techniques, the protocols and a pancreatic cancer model suitable firstly for in vitro high-throughput compounds screening and then for in vivo validation of the selected molecules. Results: findings previously obtained in our laboratory have already demonstrate potential stemlike behavior of Panc-1 cells growing as 3-dimensional spheres (Panc1-spheres), isolated from adherent Panc-1 cell line. In this study we continued with the in vivo characterization of Panc-1 spheres because we used them as pancreatic cancer cell line model in the compounds screening system we are generating. So, we performed subcutaneus and orthotopical injections in nude mice with adherent Panc1 and Panc1-spheres cells. Tumor growths were followed using MRI. In order to deepen the characterization of Panc1-spheres, we also studied EMT on tumors derived from this experiment such as in vitro in both cell lines. Moreover, we observed that an improvement of imaging strategies was actually needed, in order to better control above all the formation of small masses as metastasis and early primary tumors, since MRI was not sufficient when used alone. For this reason, we also decided to focus our attention to the most important non-invasive small animalimaging modalities available today, in particular MRI, Micro-Ultrasound (US) and In Vivo Optical Imaging. Then, we correlated these techniques, arriving to the point to have an “imaging protocol”, able to offset some of the limitation of each modality when used alone, to be used in the compounds screening system we would like to generate. Conclusion: Our findings have demonstrated that the pancreatic cancer spheres are more than just cancer stem-like cells. Our mouse model, established with Sphere-growing cells, may be used for the testing of novel compounds specifically designed to target this stem-like compartment, resistant to standard chemotherapies. A combined imaging approach, with combine MRI, Optical imaging and US, in this contest become extremely important, in order to follow primary tumor sizes and metastasis detection before and after the treatment with novel compounds.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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