Il fumo di sigaretta è un importante fattore di rischio per aterosclerosi, una malattia infiammatoria cronica. I meccanismi con cui il fumo determina aterosclerosi non sono completamente noti. È stato ipotizzato che componenti solubili del fumo di sigaretta inducano stress ossidativo a livello vascolare e cellulare. Lo scopo di questo studio era quello di mettere in relazione stress ossidativo ed infiammazione in soggetti giovani fumatori. Sono stati valutati,quindi: 1)prodotti di perossidazione lipidica (fosfolipidi ossidati, ox-PAPC) in linfomonociti circolanti (LMC);2)ruolo dei prodotti di perossidazione lipidica nell’indurre la produzione di ROS a livello nei linfomonociti circolanti e deplezione della concentrazione plasmatica e cellulare di GSH; 3)espressione del fattore di trascrizione NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) e l’espressione di enzimi antiossidanti controllati dalla via Nrf2-ARE mediata; 4)espressione genica NfKb e concentrazione plasmatica della proteina C reattiva ultrasensibile (hs-PCR). Sono stati studiati 90 soggetti volontari sani: 32 non fumatori, 32 moderati fumatori (5-10 sigarette die) e 26 forti fumatori (25-40 sig/die). I livelli di Ox-PAPC erano più elevati nei soggetti moderati e forti fumatori rispetto ai non fumatori (p<0,01). In vitro ox-PAPC incrementavano la generazione di ROS via NADPH ossidasi. GSH plasmatico e cellulare erano più bassi nei soggetti moderati e forti fumatori rispetto ai non fumatori (p<0,01). L’espressione di Nrf2 in LMC era più elevata nei soggetti moderati fumatori rispetto ai non fumatori (p0,01), ma non nei forti fumatori, che presentavano maggior espressione di NfKb e più elevati livelli di hs-PCR.(p<0,01). In vitro, gli ox-PAPC incrementavano l’espressione di Nfkb in modo dose-dipendente, mentre a più elevate concentrazione riducevano l’espressione di Nrf2. Il fumo di sigaretta promuove la formazione di ox-PAPC e induce stress ossidativo a livello dei LMC. Questo può causare l’attivazione di NFkB che a sua volta può partecipare a regolare in modo negativo la via antiossidante Nrf2 ARE mediata favorendo l’infiammazione.
Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease. However the underlying factors of this effect are unclear. It has been hypothesized that water-soluble components of cigarette smoke can directly promote oxidative stress in vasculature and blood cells. Aim of this study was to study the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in a group of young smokers. To do this we evaluated: 1) the oxidation products of phospholipids (oxPAPC) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); 2) their role in causing PBMC reactive oxygen species (ROS)generation and changes in GSH; 3) the expression of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and of related antioxidant genes (ARE); 4) the activation of NF-kB and C-reactive protein (CRP) values. We studied 90 healthy volunteers: 32 non-smokers, 32 moderate smokers (5–10 cigarettes/day) and 26 heavy smokers (25–40 cigarettes/day). OxPAPC was higher in moderate smokers and heavy smokers than in non-smokers (p,0.01), the highest values being in heavy smokers (p,0.01). In in vitro studies oxPAPC increased ROS generation via NADPH oxidase activation. GSH in PBMC and plasma was lower in moderate smokers and heavy smokers than in non-smokers (p,0.01), the lowest values being in heavy smokers (p,0.01). Nrf2 expression in PBMC was higher inmoderate smokers than in non-smokers (p,0.01), but not in heavy smokers, who had the highest levels of NF-kB and CRP (p,0.01). In in vitro studies oxPAPC dose-dependently increased NF-kB activation, whereas at the highest concentrations.Nrf2 expression was repressed. The small interference (si) RNA-mediated knockdown of NF-kB/p65 increased about three times the expression of Nrf2 stimulated with oxPAPC. Cigarette smoke promotes oxPAPC formation and oxidative stress in PBMC. This may cause the activation of NF-kB that in turn may participate in the negative regulation of Nrf2/ARE pathway favouring inflammation.
Meccanismi di disfunzione endoteliale e aterosclerosi: ruolo dello stress ossidativo e dell'infiammazione
BOCCIOLETTI, Veronica
2010-01-01
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease. However the underlying factors of this effect are unclear. It has been hypothesized that water-soluble components of cigarette smoke can directly promote oxidative stress in vasculature and blood cells. Aim of this study was to study the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in a group of young smokers. To do this we evaluated: 1) the oxidation products of phospholipids (oxPAPC) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); 2) their role in causing PBMC reactive oxygen species (ROS)generation and changes in GSH; 3) the expression of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and of related antioxidant genes (ARE); 4) the activation of NF-kB and C-reactive protein (CRP) values. We studied 90 healthy volunteers: 32 non-smokers, 32 moderate smokers (5–10 cigarettes/day) and 26 heavy smokers (25–40 cigarettes/day). OxPAPC was higher in moderate smokers and heavy smokers than in non-smokers (p,0.01), the highest values being in heavy smokers (p,0.01). In in vitro studies oxPAPC increased ROS generation via NADPH oxidase activation. GSH in PBMC and plasma was lower in moderate smokers and heavy smokers than in non-smokers (p,0.01), the lowest values being in heavy smokers (p,0.01). Nrf2 expression in PBMC was higher inmoderate smokers than in non-smokers (p,0.01), but not in heavy smokers, who had the highest levels of NF-kB and CRP (p,0.01). In in vitro studies oxPAPC dose-dependently increased NF-kB activation, whereas at the highest concentrations.Nrf2 expression was repressed. The small interference (si) RNA-mediated knockdown of NF-kB/p65 increased about three times the expression of Nrf2 stimulated with oxPAPC. Cigarette smoke promotes oxPAPC formation and oxidative stress in PBMC. This may cause the activation of NF-kB that in turn may participate in the negative regulation of Nrf2/ARE pathway favouring inflammation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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