Lo scopo di questa tesi è di definire alcune proprietà del deficit cognitivo alla base della dislessia partendo dall’osservazione delle capacità di comprensione linguistica dei soggetti dislessici. Difendo l’ipotesi secondo cui la dislessia è associata con con un deficit di memoria operativa verbale (Verbal Working Memory Deficit Hypothesis, v-WMDH). La memoria operativa (MO) è il sistema mnemonico che si occupa della memorizzazione temporanea dei risultati delle computazioni intermedie qualora necessario per elaborare ulteriori computazioni (Baddeley 1986). È caratterizzato da due sottosistemi: una MO visuo spaziale, che si occupa della memorizzazione di informazioni visuospaziali, e una MO verbale, che si occupa della mamorizzazione di informazioni verbali. Secondo la v-WMDH, è che quest’ultimo sottosistema ad essere deficitario nei soggetti dislessici. In questa tesi dimostro come la v-WMDH spieghi non solo i deficit di letto-scrittura tipicamente associati con la dislessia, ma anche le difficoltà di comprensione linguistica attestate nei soggetti dislessici. In particolare, l’ipotesi spiega la difficoltà dei dislessici nel comprendere tough-sentences (ad esempio, the bird is tasty to bite), frasi relative con estrazione dell’oggetto pronomi in configurazione di Condizione B, imperfetto, implicature scalari, quantificatori universali in contesti di quantifier spreading, e ambiguità strutturali.
In this dissertation, I attempt at defining some properties of the cognitive deficit underlying dyslexia by looking at the ability of dyslexic subjects to understand certain aspects of language. I argue in favor of the Verbal Working Memory Deficit Hypothesis (v-WMDH) according to which dyslexia is associated with a verbal WM deficit. Working Memory (WM, for short) is the cognitive system responsible for the temporary storage of the outcomes of intermediate computations when required in order to perform further computations (Baddeley 1986). It features two broad subsystems: a visuo-spatial WM, responsible for the storage of visuo-spatial information, and a verbal WM, responsible for the storage of verbal information. The v-WMDH maintains that this latter component, the verbal WM system, is affected in dyslexia. I show that the v-WMDH hypothesis accounts not only for the reading impairment typically associated with dyslexia, but also for a number of language related difficulties attested among dyslexic subjects. In particular, I will show that the hypothesis accounts for the dyslexics’ difficulties in comprehending tough-sentences (e.g. the bird is tasty to bite), object-extracted relative clause sentences, pronouns in condition B configurations, imperfective aspect, scalar implicatures, universally quantified NPs in quantifier spreading contexts, and structurally ambiguous sentences.
Significato e dislessia: uno studio su pronomi, aspetto e quantificazione
FIORIN, Gaetano
2010-01-01
Abstract
In this dissertation, I attempt at defining some properties of the cognitive deficit underlying dyslexia by looking at the ability of dyslexic subjects to understand certain aspects of language. I argue in favor of the Verbal Working Memory Deficit Hypothesis (v-WMDH) according to which dyslexia is associated with a verbal WM deficit. Working Memory (WM, for short) is the cognitive system responsible for the temporary storage of the outcomes of intermediate computations when required in order to perform further computations (Baddeley 1986). It features two broad subsystems: a visuo-spatial WM, responsible for the storage of visuo-spatial information, and a verbal WM, responsible for the storage of verbal information. The v-WMDH maintains that this latter component, the verbal WM system, is affected in dyslexia. I show that the v-WMDH hypothesis accounts not only for the reading impairment typically associated with dyslexia, but also for a number of language related difficulties attested among dyslexic subjects. In particular, I will show that the hypothesis accounts for the dyslexics’ difficulties in comprehending tough-sentences (e.g. the bird is tasty to bite), object-extracted relative clause sentences, pronouns in condition B configurations, imperfective aspect, scalar implicatures, universally quantified NPs in quantifier spreading contexts, and structurally ambiguous sentences.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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