La tesi si propone di indagare la nascita e il ruolo dell'immagine della nave della polis e di quella del kubernetes (da questo lemma greco hanno origine il gubernator latino e il governatore italiano e altri termini delle lingue contemporanee) nell'immaginario politico occidentale. Tale lavoro si propone infatti di mettere in questione o risignificare il lessico politico contemporaneo di matrice greca. La tesi è divisa in due parti:la prima è dedicata alla ricostruzione storica e concettuale delle immagini marine e nautiche nella letteratura precedente a Platone nonché, più in generale, nella cultura greca del tempo. La seconda parte si propone di dimostrare come l'immagine del kubernetes (assieme a quella del medico) venga impiegata nel corpus platonico come esempio di una specifica forma di governo, quello di colui che possiede le conoscenze e competenze per reclamare il governo per sè. Queste due figure fondano entrambe la loro autorevolezza sulla possibilità di offrire la salvezza a coloro che ad esse si affidano. L'immagine della nave della polis e la correlata immagine del kubernetes vengono infatti qui inserite all'interno di un quadrilatero concettuale formato dalle nozioni di kosmos (ordine, bell'ordine), poros (rotta marina, ma anch espediente), sumpheron (vantaggio) e soteria (salvezza). Il testo si propone di dimostrare che l’immagine nautica è per Platone essenzialmente un’immagine –per quanto dinamica - d’ordine, ovvero essa mostra ricorrendo alle immagini l’ordine che, per Platone, doveva governare la nuova politeia stabilita dai filosofi re. Tale immagine, inoltr, offre una risposta anche ai problemi posti da Trasimaco nel I libro circa il vantaggio proprio di ogni arte (e in particolare dell’arte politica). Il compito del vero kubernetes è quello di trovare ogni volta la rotta migliore per la sua nave/città, offrendo a coloro che sono imbarcati/cittadini il vantaggio proprio della sua arte, ovvero la salvezza. Ma tale salvezza, nella cornice di pensiero greca e ancor più platonica, non è altro che il mantenimento dell’ordine, kosmos, che regna nella kallipolis. Infine, la tesi apre al ruolo che il paradigma nautico avrà in ambito latino, in particolare in Cicerone.
The thesis aims at investigating the birth and the role of the image of the ship of the polis and of the kubernetes (stirer, but from this greek term we have the latin gubernator as well as the Italian governatore) in the Western political imaginary. This work tries in fact to put into question or re-signify the contemporary political lexicon. The thesis is divided in two parts: the first is dedicated to the historical and conceptual re-construction of the sea and nautical images in the litterature before Platone and, more broadly, in the Greek culture of the time. The second, instead, offers a detailed reading of the VI book of the Republic of Plato, showing at the same time the close ties to the I book. This second part aims at demonstrating how the image of the kubernetes (along with that of the doctor) is deployed in the platonic corpus in order to provide an example of a specific form of government, that is the government of the one who has the knowledges and skills to claim to be the ruler. These two figures (kubernetes and doctor) both ground their authority on the possibility to offer ‘salvation’ to those who trust them. The image of the ship of the polis and the related image of the kubernetes are understood as belonging to a framework where we find the notions of kosmos (order, good and beautiful order) poros (the sea route but also the clever device to gain success) sumpheron (the advantage) and soteria (salvation). This work aims at demonstrating that the nautical image is in Plato essentially an image of order –however dinamic – that is to say it 'shows' the order which, according to Plato, has to rule over the new politeia established by the philosophers rulers. Such image, moreover, offers an answer to the problems raised by Thrasimacus in the I book about the advantage offered by each art (and specificallt of the political art). The task of the true kubernetes, then, is to find again and again the best route (poros) for his ship/city, offering to the ones embarked/citizens the avantage peculiar to his art, that is to say offering them salvation. But salvation, within the Greek and platonic framework, is nothing but the manteinance of the order, kosmos, which reigns in the kallipolis. Lastly, this work tries to offer a rapid survey of the later developement of the nautical paradigm in the Latin world, especially in the writings of Cicero.
Il filosofo e il mare. Immagini marine e nautiche nella Repubblica di Platone
SANTINI, Veronica
2010-01-01
Abstract
The thesis aims at investigating the birth and the role of the image of the ship of the polis and of the kubernetes (stirer, but from this greek term we have the latin gubernator as well as the Italian governatore) in the Western political imaginary. This work tries in fact to put into question or re-signify the contemporary political lexicon. The thesis is divided in two parts: the first is dedicated to the historical and conceptual re-construction of the sea and nautical images in the litterature before Platone and, more broadly, in the Greek culture of the time. The second, instead, offers a detailed reading of the VI book of the Republic of Plato, showing at the same time the close ties to the I book. This second part aims at demonstrating how the image of the kubernetes (along with that of the doctor) is deployed in the platonic corpus in order to provide an example of a specific form of government, that is the government of the one who has the knowledges and skills to claim to be the ruler. These two figures (kubernetes and doctor) both ground their authority on the possibility to offer ‘salvation’ to those who trust them. The image of the ship of the polis and the related image of the kubernetes are understood as belonging to a framework where we find the notions of kosmos (order, good and beautiful order) poros (the sea route but also the clever device to gain success) sumpheron (the advantage) and soteria (salvation). This work aims at demonstrating that the nautical image is in Plato essentially an image of order –however dinamic – that is to say it 'shows' the order which, according to Plato, has to rule over the new politeia established by the philosophers rulers. Such image, moreover, offers an answer to the problems raised by Thrasimacus in the I book about the advantage offered by each art (and specificallt of the political art). The task of the true kubernetes, then, is to find again and again the best route (poros) for his ship/city, offering to the ones embarked/citizens the avantage peculiar to his art, that is to say offering them salvation. But salvation, within the Greek and platonic framework, is nothing but the manteinance of the order, kosmos, which reigns in the kallipolis. Lastly, this work tries to offer a rapid survey of the later developement of the nautical paradigm in the Latin world, especially in the writings of Cicero.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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