Influence of CdTe thickness on structural and electrical properties of CdTe/CdS solar cells

Due to its high scalability and low production cost, CdTe solar cells have shown a very strong potential for large scale energy production. Although the number of modules produced could be limited by tellurium scarcity, it has been reported that reducing CdTe thickness down to 1.5 microns would solve this issue. There are, however, issues to be considered when reducing thickness, such as formation of pinholes, lower crystallization, and different possible effects on material diffusion within the interfaces. In this work, we present the study of CdTe solar cells fabricated by vacuum evaporation with different CdTe thicknesses. Several cells with CdTe thickness from 0.7 to 6 microns have been fabricated. The deposition process has been optimized accordingly and their physical and electrical properties have been studied. Thin cells show a different electrical behavior in terms of open circuit voltage and fill factor. Efficiencies range from 7 % for thin CdTe cells up to 13.5 % for standard thickness.